Agricultural Economics - Latest articles
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Mechanization’s impact on agricultural total factor productivity
Yuxin Cui
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(11):446-457 | DOI: 10.17221/291/2023-AGRICECON 
Agricultural mechanisation is rapidly increasing in China and will have an increasing impact on agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) in the future. This study uses panel data from 27 provinces in China, spanning the years 2001‒2020, to measure agricultural TFP, and estimates the effects of mechanisation on TFP, technical efficiency, and technological progress. The results reveal that the level of agricultural mechanisation can promote TFP. TFP has a cumulative effect in the previous period, which can also significantly affect TFP in the current period. The level of agricultural mechanisation improves...
Profit efficiency and its determinants in the agricultural sector: A Bayesian approach
Marta Arbelo-Pérez, Pilar Pérez-Gómez, Antonio Arbelo
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(11):436-445 | DOI: 10.17221/279/2023-AGRICECON
Most empirical studies evaluating efficiency in the agricultural sector estimate cost efficiency, assuming homogeneity across firms. However, achieving the goal of profit maximisation requires both minimising costs and maximising revenue. Unlike cost efficiency, the concept of profit efficiency considers the errors on both the input side and the output side, and thus, it is more appropriate for evaluating the overall performance of firms. This paper estimates profit efficiency and its determinants in the agricultural sector in Spain using a Bayesian stochastic frontier model with random coefficients. This methodology adequately captures the heterogeneity...
Farmland accumulation and rural household income: evidence from the Red River Delta region of Vietnam
Thi Long Vy Le, Truong Lam Do, Huu Nhuan Nguyen, Trung Thanh Nguyen
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(11):458-469 | DOI: 10.17221/260/2023-AGRICECON
We identify the factors affecting the participation in land accumulation of rural households by using a multinomial logit model and assess the income effects of participation in land accumulation by using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. We use household data from a rural survey in three provinces in the Red River Delta of Vietnam in 2019. Our results show that farmland accumulation is significantly correlated with age and gender of household head, as well as agricultural productive assets, non-farm income, saving and access to credit. The participation in farmland accumulation leads to an increase in total household income, although...
Impact of project information disclosure on backers‘ investment intensity in reward-based crowdfunding: Evidence from agri-food crowdfunding in China
Junjuan Du
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(11):427-435 | DOI: 10.17221/249/2023-AGRICECON
How to encourage backers to increase investment and obtain more funds is an important issue for both initiators and platforms in reward-based crowdfunding. Based on the trust theory and the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), this study explores the impact of project information disclosure on the investment intensity of backers in agri-food crowdfunding. The results show that the initiator type, trademark registration, number of certificates, number of reward types, number of project updates, and number of comments had significant positive effects on backers’ investment intensity. Meanwhile, the investment threshold and lottery had a significantly...
Exploring within- and between-effects of the factors influencing off-farm work decisions in Switzerland
Dierk Schmid, Swetlana Renner, Daniel Hoop
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(10):416-425 | DOI: 10.17221/233/2023-AGRICECON
We examine the determinants of off-farm work in Swiss agriculture between 2003 and 2013. By differentiating between the between-farm effects and the within-farm effects, our model provides new insights into the labour allocation process as compared with standard cross-sectional or panel data models. As regards the between-farm variations, our results show that younger farm families without children and farm households with higher non-agricultural education levels of both the farmer and the partner are more involved in working activities outside the farm. However, the within-farm time effects provided a more differentiated picture: impacts of changes...
Structural and weather-related factors of the sustainable intensification process in agriculture of the European Union regions
Jakub Staniszewski, Anika Muder
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(10):385-393 | DOI: 10.17221/235/2023-AGRICECON
Sustainable intensification (SI) is a widely discussed concept that aims to increase agricultural production without harming the environment. This study assessed the process of SI that took place in the EU regions from 2004 to 2018 and the impact of structural and weather-related factors. In doing so, a single index based on DEA environmentally adjusted efficiency and kernel regression were applied to data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) Public Database and the Agri4Cast resource portal. The study found an overall positive trend of SI in the EU regions in which land and animal concentration had a significant impact on this process....
Impacts of the war on prices of Ukrainian wheat
Lenka Novotná, Zuzana Rowland, Svatopluk Janek
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(10):404-415 | DOI: 10.17221/121/2023-AGRICECON
The Russian-Ukrainian armed conflict significantly affected wheat production and its export from Ukraine, mainly during the war outbreak. Since both countries rank among the major global wheat producers, the warfare disrupted wheat supplies, hastily pushing the prices. Based on the analysed data, we carried out research using multilayer perceptron networks. The findings suggest the biggest price increase between February and March 2022, witnessing wheat prices at about 1 400 USD per t. We predict a decline to the pre-war values until the end of 2025, estimating its rates between 600 USD and 800 USD per t. This price slump may involve signing an agreement...
The importance of agriculture and rural areas for the future in the European Union: An exploration of public opinion
Mercedes Rodríguez, José Antonio Camacho
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(10):394-403 | DOI: 10.17221/115/2023-AGRICECON
The last years have seen a momentous transformation in Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). The focus of interventions has shifted from production toward rural development but recognising the role of farmers. Although the attitudes of farmers to CAP have long been previously studied, little attention has been focused on the views of citizens. Using data from the ‘Special Eurobarometer 520: Europeans, Agriculture and the CAP’, we sought to provide a clearer understanding of citizens’ opinions about the future of agriculture and rural areas in the European Union. In particular, we assessed rural-urban differences and examined disparities...
The effects of COVID-19 crisis on small family farms: Empirical evidence from Visegrad countries
Ivana Bla¾ková, Veronika Svato¹ová, Gabriela Chmelíková, Vojtìch Tamá¹, Eli¹ka Svobodová, Libor Grega, Simona Mi¹kolci, Jakub Piecuch, Apolka Ujj, Daniela Hupková, Jacek Pucha³a, István Bazsik, Paulina Jancsovszka, Kinga Nagyné Pércsi, ¥udmila Dobo¹ová
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(9):366-374 | DOI: 10.17221/217/2023-AGRICECON
This paper aims to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on small family farms in Visegrad countries and to provide evidence of how they have responded and coped with the crisis. We conducted our investigation using an exploratory qualitative research design based on 86 semistructured in-depth interviews with owners or responsible managers, and explored the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on different areas of their businesses, such as human resources, supplier-customer relations, production, distribution channels or strategies, price of inputs and outputs and business models. Our findings showed that small family farms have been resilient...
Changes in the intensity and impact of factors influencing consumer behaviour in the food market over time
Irena Anto¹ová, Jana Stávková
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(9):358-365 | DOI: 10.17221/191/2023-AGRICECON
The paper aims to identify the changes and intensity of the factors influencing consumers’ purchasing decision-making process in the food market. The research offers a unique comparison of the situation between the years 2007 and 2022 and reveals the emerging factors affecting consumer decisions. The authors conducted a representative questionnaire survey (N = 686) to determine the influence of individual factors. The data were processed using factor analysis, which allowed for the reduction of the number of factors (20) to four determinants covering 61% of the total variability in the dataset. The determinants of consumer purchasing...
Impact of political and security stability on food security in developing countries: Case of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean
Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo, Imade Yoga Prasada, Agus Dwi Nugroho
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(9):375-384 | DOI: 10.17221/142/2023-AGRICECON
Political and security stability have the potential to support developing countries‘ efforts to achieve Sustainable Development Goals, as this region is home to the majority of the global population. This study examines the impact of political and security stability and other factors on food security [as measured by the prevalence of undernourishment (PUN)] in developing countries. We analysed 2002–2020 data from 83 developing countries across Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean, using the system General Method of Moment (sys-GMM). Our study indicates that political and security stability and the use of the internet...
Factors influencing the global agricultural trade: A network analysis
Tingting Zhang, Ju Yang
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(9):343-357 | DOI: 10.17221/124/2023-AGRICECON
In this study, a global agricultural trade network was constructed, and its topological characteristics from 1991 to 2021 were analysed. The influences of nine variables were empirically tested, including factor endowments and economic, geographical, and institutional factors. The research results show that the scale of trade networks is constantly expanding, and trade relations are becoming increasingly concentrated. Further, global agricultural trade patterns are gradually being reshaped. However, European economies and the United States still dominate the power of network control, with a clear ‘core-edge’ hierarchy. Among the factors...
Predispositions and challenges of agriculture from areas particularly facing natural or other specific constraints in Poland in the context of providing environmental public goods under EU policy
Marek Zieliñski, Jan Jadczyszyn, Jolanta Sobierajewska
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(8):309-320 | DOI: 10.17221/184/2023-AGRICECON
The study’s main objective is to determine the predisposition and challenges of agriculture to provide environmental public goods to society in areas particularly facing natural or other specific constraints (ANCs) established within their current delimitation in Poland. Its organisational features, economic situation, and the degree of interest in measures specifically serving the protection of the natural environment under the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) EU were indicated. Statistically significant factors determined farmers’ willingness to participate in these measures. It turned out that farms from ANCs communes with particularly...
Analysis of the perception and presence of design in the fruit and vegetable cluster: The case of southeast Spain
Mónica Arroyo-Vázquez, Óscar González-Yebra, Bélgica Pacheco-Blanco, Miguel Ángel Artacho-Ramírez
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(8):321-331 | DOI: 10.17221/169/2023-AGRICECON
Companies must provide economic, environmental and social added value based on innovation strategies, design and creative thinking in a globalised and competitive world characterised by rapid change and constantly evolving technologies. In this context, this paper analyses the role of design practice in companies in the agri-food sector (i.e. what is the design component present like; what are its relevance and importance?) An exploratory, descriptive study was conducted with 30 companies in southeast (SE) Spain’s fruit/vegetable sector. The findings reveal that all the surveyed companies make financial investments in design and positively...
Geopolitical deadlock and phosphate shortfall behind the price hike? Evidence from Moroccan commodity markets
Marek Vochozka, Svatopluk Janek, Lenka ©iráòová
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(8):301-308 | DOI: 10.17221/140/2023-AGRICECON
Phosphate fertilisers rank among limited conventional production aids, requiring eco-unfriendly mining methods. On the other hand, wheat is an indispensable agricultural commodity essential in the food industry. For this reason, it is appropriate to monitor the potential bivariate relationship between these commodities and to follow their future development closely. The article aims to identify a correlation (Kendall’s tau) and causal (Granger causality test) between the price of Moroccan phosphate and wheat, applying vector autoregression (VAR). The results show a medium-to-strong correlation between phosphate and wheat, while causal analysis...
Multi-frequency downside risk interconnectedness between soft agricultural commodities
Dejan ®ivkov, Boris Kuzman, Jonel Subiæ
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(8):332-342 | DOI: 10.17221/125/2023-AGRICECON
In this article, we explore multiscale extreme risk interdependence between four soft agricultural markets – coffee, cocoa, cotton and orange juice. Wavelet correlation and cross-correlation are used to investigate this interlink, and dynamic conditional Value at Risk is used to measure extreme risk. Wavelet correlation results suggest a very weak connection between the markets in the short-term and midterm horizons, which means that investors who operate in the short term or midterm do not have to apply hedging measures against extreme risk. However, the situation is different in the long term, where relatively high correlations are found...
A parametric analysis of eco-efficiency and its determinants: Evidence from Norwegian dairy farms
Habtamu Alem
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(7):284-290 | DOI: 10.17221/149/2023-AGRICECON
This study aims to estimate eco-efficiency scores and identify determinants of Norwegian dairy farms using a parametric approach that accounts for methane emissions. The study incorporates an environmental output measure and draws on 30 years of panel data from 692 specialist dairy farms (1991–2020). The findings indicate that Norwegian dairy farms are inefficient, with room for improvement in the dairy production system and the environment. According to the average eco-efficiency score, conventional dairy farms could cut input use and CH4 emissions by 5% while maintaining output. Furthermore, the study found that land tenure,...
A blockchain-based approach for food surplus management
Gianpaolo Iazzolino, Francesca Guerriero, Luigino Filice, Giorgio Scarpelli
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(7):276-283 | DOI: 10.17221/146/2023-AGRICECON
Food surplus recovery is one of the priorities of modern society. Mass distribution allows one to reserve goods unsuitable for selling for organisations able to distribute them to people in need. This work contributes to this direction by considering a reward programme for donors. A methodology for supporting the cycle of the reallocation of the food surplus to people in need usingblockchain technology to support the traceability of the flows and to allow the exact evaluation of the rewards to be assigned to each retailer is described. A mathematical model is proposed for calculating the reward. An actual application of the methodology is also...
Economic determinants of the development and sustainability of family farms in Slovakia
Katarína Novotná, ¥ubomír Gurèík, Zuzana Lu¹òáková
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(7):291-299 | DOI: 10.17221/143/2023-AGRICECON
The sustainability of the family business mirrors the business success and functionality of the family. Sustainability cannot be ensured without sufficient business profitability, solvency and financial stability. A company unable to pay its obligations on time is insolvent and, therefore, unhealthy. The paper’s main goal is to evaluate the impact of selected economic aspects on the sustainability of family farms in Slovakia. The Finstat database serves as the source of input data for the research. For the economic analysis of the family and non-family sets of companies, Grünwald's bonity index (GIB) was chosen for its universality. According...
Analysis of global warming potential: Organic vs. conventional tomatoes
Alessandro Scuderi, Giuseppe Timpanaro, Mariarita Cammarata
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(7):267-275 | DOI: 10.17221/104/2023-AGRICECON
Climate change threatens the possibility of ensuring sufficient and quality food for the population. The agricultural sector, considered to be one of the main contributors to the increase of CO2-equivalents (CO2-eq) in the atmosphere, faces one of the most difficult challenges for the sector: increasing production while reducing its impact on the environment. The improvement of adopted practices should be preceded by the quantification of generated emissions. This study aims to provide information on the analysis of the global warming potential (GWP) of tomatoes in Sicily, comparing organic and conventional cultivation methods....
Human potential of talents in agriculture and forestry in context of Agriculture 4.0
Milo¹ Hitka, Lenka Li¾betinová
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(6):223-233 | DOI: 10.17221/153/2023-AGRICECON
Agriculture 4.0 creates a challenge for agricultural and forest enterprises in the form of changes in the processes and strategies set up to now. The ability for flexibility, personal development, and further education will be critical in transforming agriculture and forestry organisations. The transition to Agriculture 4.0 will also affect the need for human resource management in terms of their need and competence structure. This work aims to identify a group of employees in the environment of the Slovak Republic’s agricultural and forest enterprises with the prerequisites to acquire additional work competencies and the interest to develop...
Challenges and innovative approaches in the agricultural and food industry and changing consumer behaviour in the milk and milk products market: Case of Slovakia
Zuzana Kapsdorferova, Matej Èere¹, Veronika Zábojníková, Petronela ©vikruhová, Radka Kataniková
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(6):246-254 | DOI: 10.17221/119/2023-AGRICECON
The negative consequences faced by the entire planet, the intensification of natural disasters, global warming, lowering the level of groundwater, deforestation, deterioration of corals and the underwater world, soil degradation, and the change of species diversity, testify to the necessity of introducing reforms in the agricultural-food complex. Fulfilling such a goal and creating added value of innovation potential can only be created in the conditions of functioning structures strengthened by system support, which requires reviewing and introducing change in food systems. The recent financial crisis, later the pandemic, and the current going...
Exploring the motivations behind food self-provisioning in the Czech Republic
Tereza Pilaøová, Steffen Muench, Miroslava Bavorova, Jan Huml
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(6):234-245 | DOI: 10.17221/117/2023-AGRICECON
Gardening and food self-provisioning motivations are changing with the country’s economic development. While food security is often the main driver for self-provisioning in low-income countries, more diverse motivations exist in high-income countries. This study investigates the motivations for self-provisioning in the Czech Republic and the role of the family composition on the rate of self-provisioning to explore its social benefits. A two-step analysis was employed using data collected from 1 214 respondents. First, an exploratory descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to gain insights into the motivation of different households...
Supply chain modelling in organic farming for sustainable profitability
R Chitra, N L Balasudarsun, M Sathish, R Jagajeevan
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(6):255-266 | DOI: 10.17221/44/2023-AGRICECON
Globally, people started gravitating toward organic food as health consciousness rose. From the farm to the consumer's fork, organic food is produced using a comprehensive method. Organic farming has provided farmers and producers with many opportunities, but there are still difficulties concerning the cost of production and distribution. Due to environmental sustainability challenges, climate change, soil fertility, biological assortment, and consumer well-being, organic farming is attracting more attention than conventional farming. Organic farming can be done using standardised methods and has many common issues with conventional farming....
How does price insurance alleviate the fluctuation of agricultural product market? A dynamic analysis based on cobweb model
Jianru Fu, Ruiyuan Shen, Chao Huang
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(5):202-211 | DOI: 10.17221/107/2023-AGRICECON
Food security is of great importance to all countries. Correspondingly, agricultural price insurance is an important tool to maintain food security. This study adopts the traditional spider web model to establish a mathematical framework for exploring the internal mechanism of agricultural price insurance, which can ease the volatility of the agricultural market. Then, the influence of agricultural price insurance on the supply of agricultural products is examined. The findings show that the supply elasticity of most agricultural products is greater than the demand elasticity, with agricultural product markets presenting a natural divergence. Agricultural...
Comparative study on the geographical indication protection between China and the European Union – From the perspective of the China-EU Geographical Indications Agreement
Weiwen Qian, Yinguo Dong
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(5):185-201 | DOI: 10.17221/98/2023-AGRICECON
Geographical indication (GI) represents the specific good quality and reputation of the regional characteristics of agricultural products, which is a positive approach for stabilising the export of agricultural products, realising high quality and high prices for agricultural products and rural revitalisation. Based on the China-EU Geographical Indications Agreement, this paper discusses the differences between China and the European Union (EU) in terms of GI protection from three aspects: the institutional framework, the operational system, and the operational status of GIs. The purpose of the study is to identify the differences between China and...
What factors contribute to the volatility of food prices? New global evidence
Mourad Zmami, Ousama Ben-Salha
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(5):171-184 | DOI: 10.17221/99/2023-AGRICECON
The adverse economic and social effects of the recent increases in food prices have prompted policymakers and academics to reconsider the potential causes of such increases. This paper contributes to the existing literature by investigating the causal effects of oil prices, fertiliser prices, global economic activity, and geopolitical risk on international food price volatility between January 1993 and December 2021. The research considers the aggregate food price index and the prices of various specific foods, including cereal, vegetable oils, dairy, meat, and sugar. The Glosten, Jagannathan, and Runkle-generalised autoregressive conditional...
Socioeconomic and technical factors determining the adoption of hedgerows around greenhouses in southeast Spain
Belén López-Felices, Juan Francisco Velasco-Muñoz, Isabel María Román-Sánchez, José Ángel Aznar-Sánchez
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(5):212-222 | DOI: 10.17221/49/2023-AGRICECON
Pest control is one of the ecosystem services most affected by the intensification of agriculture. Pests can lead to significant losses in crop yields and jeopardise food security. In this context, installing hedgerows around greenhouses is presented as an opportunity to improve the presence of natural enemies and favour the control of pests. However, the adoption of this practice has not spread among farmers. The objective of this article is to determine the factors that affect the decision to adopt hedgerows around greenhouses by studying the case of southeast Spain. A binary logistic regression model is developed from a farmer survey of 189 farmers...
Corporate governance, ownership concentration and performance of European agricultural companies: New empirical evidence
Graþiela Georgiana Noja, Mirela Cristea, Nicoleta Sîrghi, Oana-Ramona Socoliuc Gurițã, Ioana Vãdãsan, Daniel Cîrciumaru
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(4):151-161 | DOI: 10.17221/78/2023-AGRICECON
Considering the relevance of the agricultural sectors for the European countries' development, but also the volatile features of agriculture, with unforeseen risks induced by climate, ensuring durable economic progress is foremost for the companies. This paper aims to assess the associations of the key parties in corporate governance (directors, managers, advisers, and shareholders), employees and the independence level with the main outcomes and capacity/size of the European companies operating in agriculture, fishing, and aquaculture activities. Using a newly compiled and complex dataset of 3 184 active companies from Europe, provided...
The impacts of agricultural subsidies of Common Agricultural Policy on agricultural emissions: The case of the European Union
Jeremiás Máté Balogh
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2023, 69(4):140-150 | DOI: 10.17221/51/2023-AGRICECON
Agriculture is one of the main contributors to carbon emissions and is also significantly affected by changing climate. This article investigates the impacts of agricultural support on greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from agriculture in the European Union. Panel regression models were used to examine the influence of subsidies in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on reducing GHGs from agriculture. First, estimates show that direct agricultural subsidies encouraged agricultural-related carbon emissions. Second, the study concludes that the expansion of organic agriculture and the rural development expenditures contributed to emissions reduction...