Agricultural Economics - Latest articles
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Agribusiness resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of credit constraints
Ekin Ayse Özsuca
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(12):591-605 | DOI: 10.17221/56/2024-AGRICECON 
This paper investigates the effect of pre-COVID credit constraints and the moderating role of government support on agribusiness resilience following the outbreak of COVID-19. Using a dataset covering 42 countries, we provide empirical evidence on how firm characteristics and credit constraints affect agribusinesses’ likelihood of survival and performance during the pandemic. On the enterprise level, size, foreign ownership and gender of the manager are found to display a statistically significant relationship with closure and sales performance. The findings reveal that pre-existing credit constraints tended to magnify the negative impacts of...
Did the COVID-19 pandemic disturb intra-EU trade in agrifood products? Evidence from a counterfactual forecasting approach
Mariusz Hamulczuk, Karolina Pawlak, Daniel Sumner, Grzegorz Szafrañski
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(11):556-564 | DOI: 10.17221/253/2024-AGRICECON
In this study, we attempt to infer the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the intra–European Union (EU) agrifood trade from out-of-sample forecasts. We compare the actual level of trade during the COVID-19 period with counterfactual values derived from univariate forecasting models [regARIMA (Linear regression with autoregressive integrated moving average errors) and Holt-Winters methods]. We analyse agrifood imports and exports of specific EU countries and the EU-27 aggregate on the basis of monthly data for the period from January 2010 to February 2022. The findings reveal a significant decrease in trade activity in the first year of the pandemic...
Micro-data efficiency evaluation of agricultural companies: The case of Germany and neighbouring countries
Kevin Nowag, Jitka Janová
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(11):565-576 | DOI: 10.17221/190/2024-AGRICECON
This study uses micro-financial data to examine the efficiency of agricultural enterprises in Germany and its neighbouring countries. The aim of the study is to introduce a model for the agricultural sector and conduct an efficiency analysis using these data, interpreting the results with specific knowledge in the management of an agriculture company. Both technical and allocative efficiencies were determined, and the companies were ranked. Possible correlations between company size, measured by turnover, and the determined efficiency were analysed. At present, there is a lack of studies in the agricultural sector with high aggregated financial data,...
Unravelling risk factors in Turkish wheat in a changing global landscape
Huseyin Tayyar Guldal, Ozdal Koksal, Osman Orkan Ozer, Onur Terzi, Erdogan Gunes, Aysegul Selisik
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(11):527-540 | DOI: 10.17221/173/2024-AGRICECON
This study comprehensively examines multifaceted risk factors influencing wheat production among Turkish farmers, aiming to deepen understanding of how these factors shape farmers’ perceptions and decision-making processes. Utilising Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), we analysed the interplay of climate-related issues (F1), market dynamics (F2), and external events (F3), like COVID-19 and wars, alongside socio-demographic factors such as education, income, and land ownership. Findings revealed that higher education and increased agricultural income reduced price-related risks while expanding wheat cultivation areas heightened risk perceptions....
Credit evaluation and rating system for farmers’ loans in the context of agricultural supply chain financing based on AHP-ELECTRE III
Shangjia Guo, Rong Niu, Yanbo Zhao
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(11):541-555 | DOI: 10.17221/434/2023-AGRICECON
Farmers, often vulnerable within the agricultural supply chain, frequently encounter difficulties accessing and affording loans. This study introduces an innovative credit risk evaluation framework for farmers tailored to the agricultural supply chain. It includes three key aspects: farmers’ credit characteristics, the operational status of the agricultural supply chain, and overall credit conditions. Initially, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to assign weight coefficients to indicators. Then, the Elimination et Choix Traduisant la Réalité III (ELECTRE III) model was employed to determine farmers’ credit ratings. To demonstrate...
How does urbanisation affect agricultural economic resilience? Evidence from China
Ruihan Wang, Zheng Lu, Chunyu Tang
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(10):513-526 | DOI: 10.17221/207/2024-AGRICECON
As an important path to breaking the urban-rural dual system and promoting agricultural modernisation in China, the process of urbanisation might have a strong influence on promoting agricultural economic resilience (AER). Using panel data from provincial-level administrative regions of China’s mainland, we constructed a novel indicator system to measure AER, and employ the system generalised method of moments model to examine the impact of urbanisation on AER and the moderating roles of land transfer and heterogeneous human capital. Our study yielded three notable findings. First, the urbanisation process can significantly enhance AER. This...
Driving factors of green production behaviour among farmers of different scales: Evidence from North China
Yong Liu, Jixin Yang, Guanghong Zhang, Xufeng Cui
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(10):474-494 | DOI: 10.17221/188/2024-AGRICECON
The agricultural production in China is gradually transitioning from extensive agriculture to green agriculture. In this context, identifying the driving factors and dimensions of farmers’ green production behaviour can contribute to promoting sustainable agricultural development. Existing studies lack investigation into the identification of driving factors and dimensions of green production behaviour among farmers of different scales. This study examined 1 142 farm households from five major grain-producing provinces in the North China Plain in 2019. We employed probit-ISM (interpretive structural modelling) models to analyse the driving factors...
Are there trade-offs between animal welfare and egg-producing farm efficiency?
David Hampel, Markéta Matulová, Martina Lichovníková, Jitka Janová
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(10):465-473 | DOI: 10.17221/93/2024-AGRICECON
Agribusiness is currently faced with the challenge of providing sufficient quality food for a growing population with limited natural resources. Egg production, as an important source of nutrition, is a dynamically developing sector of livestock production on a global scale. Simultaneously, the increasing public and legal considerations of animal welfare affect egg-producing operations. This paper aims to provide insight into missing evidence in the trade-offs between animal welfare and efficiency in egg-producing farms in the Czech Republic and the European Union. Detailed data were gathered on the extent of the enriched cage and indoor cage-free...
Strategic interactions and market equilibrium in China’s agricultural catastrophic insurance
Xiaolan Wang, Xinli Wang, Jundi Liu, Jing Wang
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(10):495-512 | DOI: 10.17221/358/2023-AGRICECON
In China’s agricultural catastrophe insurance market, issues of non-equilibrium are prominent. To understand the causes of non-equilibrium in agricultural catastrophe insurance and to develop prevention strategies, this study employs an Evolutionary Game Model, incorporating disaster and insurance data for three types of cereal crops in Henan Province to analyse the Evolutionarily Stable Strategies in the agricultural catastrophe insurance market. The research also considers government policies and disaster reinsurance as implicit participants in the model. The findings reveal significant differences in the impact of non-equilibrium in the agricultural...
Technical efficiency and farm size in the context of sustainable agriculture
Yang Fan, Wu Guoyong, Noman Riaz, Kamila Radliñska
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(9):446-456 | DOI: 10.17221/158/2024-AGRICECON
This article aims to highlight the importance of climate and environmental challenges for agricultural economics and policy. Empirical research based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method determined the average technical efficiency and scale efficiency of farms in the European Union in total and in economic size classes in the period 2004–2020. The results indicate that agriculture is generally characterised by high technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Analysis by economic size classes of farms, defined by the standard sum of their agricultural output, shows that the relationship between the scale of production and technical efficiency...
Environmental regulations or expected revenue: What plays a more important role in China’s green transition of agriculture?
Yongwang Zhang, Minjuan Zhao
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(9):425-435 | DOI: 10.17221/142/2024-AGRICECON
Policy constraints and market incentives have made it an important foundation for developing countries such as China to develop agricultural green transition policies. This study employed the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2022 and the three-dimensional framework of ‘institutions, technology, and marketisation’ to probe whether environmental regulation constraints or expected economic revenue incentives play a critical role in China’s current agriculture development. Whether the green transition of agriculture depends on environmental regulatory policy constraints and expected economic revenue incentives is related...
The impact of efficiency on the profitability of large farms in the Visegrad Four
Zuzana Fuksová, David Mare¹, Milan Køápek
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(9):457-464 | DOI: 10.17221/120/2024-AGRICECON
The issue of productivity and performance in agriculture is significant because it affects a country’s competitiveness, sustainability, and self-sufficiency in agricultural production and is reflected in European policy. This study aims to determine which country had the most efficient large farms compared to other V4 countries and whether efficiency in each country translates into the performance of large farms. The data were obtained from the EU FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) database from 2005 to 2019. These data were then evaluated using the statistical methods DEA: CCR-O (Data Envelopment Analysis: constant returns to scale), DEA:...
Land productivity in the EU in the context of financial support through direct subsidies
Barbara Kutkowska, Tomasz Szuk, Stanislaw Minta, Hanna Adamska
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(9):436-445 | DOI: 10.17221/51/2024-AGRICECON
The main research objective of this study is to present the dynamics of land productivity changes in EU agriculture in the years 2012–2020 and evaluate the influence of direct subsidies received by farmers on land productivity. The source data for 2012–2020 are secondary and come from Eurostat. The research results were prepared for the entire European Union (EU-28), and divided into ‘old’ countries (EU-15) and ‘new’ countries (EU-13). The results were developed using the method of assessing convergence (in terms of differences in land productivity in individual countries) using the coefficient of variation and the...
Do peers and agglomeration affect farm efficiency?
Sunhyung Min, Kwansoo Kim
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(8):395-405 | DOI: 10.17221/99/2024-AGRICECON
This study investigates peer effects and agglomeration impacts on the cost efficiency of South Korean rice farms using a five-year panel dataset of production costs. We employed a time-varying stochastic frontier cost function approach to estimate cost efficiency and a linear-in-means model to quantify peer influences. The findings underscore peer effects as central to understanding and enhancing farm productivity, particularly in rice farming regions. Both specialisation and diversity of agglomeration positively influenced efficiency, with specialisation having a larger impact. Peer effects were stronger in highly rice-specialised areas. These...
The impact of environmental attitudes of farmers on efficiency in the agricultural sector in the European Union
Lukasz Kryszak
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(8):383-394 | DOI: 10.17221/46/2024-AGRICECON
The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the more pro-environmental attitudes of farmers influence the technical efficiency of agricultural sectors in EU regions (NUTS-2). To answer this, I employed data envelopment analysis (DEA) for efficiency analysis combined with the double bootstrapped truncated regression to investigate the relationship between environmental attitudes and technical efficiency. I found that this relationship is positive, i.e. pro-environmental attitudes were related to greater efficiency. An increase in the environmental attitude variable by one standard deviation led to an improvement in efficiency of 2.8–6...
Determinants of the demand for fruits and vegetables: Preferences by age and gender in Europe
Elena Ho¹ková, Iveta Zentková
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(8):414-423 | DOI: 10.17221/394/2023-AGRICECON
Fruits and vegetables form the basis of a nutritional diet for the population. In addition to the basic determinants, such as market prices and consumer income, other factors influence consumer demand. This paper aims to investigate how the age and gender of consumers influence the demand for fruit and vegetables in different European countries. In this paper, the demand for fruit and vegetables is understood through the population’s preferences for fruit and vegetable consumption, i.e., the proportion of the population that prefers to consume fruit and vegetables five or more times a day. The paper uses data from Eurostat. Factor, cluster...
Are technological or efficiency differences more pronounced between Hungarian and Polish poultry farms? A stochastic metafrontier analysis
Lajos Baráth, Imre Fertõ, Jakub Staniszewski
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(8):406-413 | DOI: 10.17221/322/2023-AGRICECON
The efficiency of poultry production plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and maintaining human health sustainability. Although extensive research has been done on the largest poultry-producing countries, the European Union’s contribution has not been thoroughly investigated, especially in Central and Eastern Europe. This study aims to fill this gap by analysing the technical efficiency of poultry farms in Hungary and Poland. We use the stochastic metafrontier approach to Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) data from 2010 to 2015. The results suggest that both countries have technical inefficiencies. The meta technical efficiency...
The effect of climate-smart agriculture on productivity and cost efficiency: Insights from smallholder wheat producers in Pakistan
Panhwar Ghulam Mustafa, Shangao Wang, Gershom Endelani Mwalupaso, Yi Yu, Zhou Li
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(7):334-348 | DOI: 10.17221/74/2024-AGRICECON
Unique challenges have been elicited by climate change, demanding the utilisation of effective adaptation strategies that are both environmentally and economically sustainable. Regrettably, the agricultural sector has not been spared from the effects of climate change, but it is among the largest employers and the primary source of food security globally. The situation is worse in Pakistan, where poverty, hunger, and malnutrition are reported to be prevalent. The complexity of risks posed by climate change has called for climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies, which potentially could augment cost efficiency and yield in wheat production....
Understanding the impact of Internet access on farmers’ willingness to participate in farmer professional cooperatives
Xiaozeng Wang, Jiabin Chen, Xingyan Du
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(7):349-361 | DOI: 10.17221/69/2024-AGRICECON
The widespread application of Internet technology in rural development has significantly facilitated the modernisation of agriculture and profoundly and positively impacts sustainable rural development. This study empirically investigates the effect of Internet access on farmers‘ participation in farmer professional cooperatives based on a sample of 3 349 participants from the 2020 China Rural Revitalization Survey (CRRS), using both probit regression and instrumental variable probit (Ivprobit) regression models. The results indicate that, firstly, Internet access significantly enhances farmers‘ participation in farmer professional...
Can income growth and environmental improvements go hand in hand? An empirical study of Chinese agriculture
Chenchen Su, Jinchuan Shen, Fei Wang
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(7):321-333 | DOI: 10.17221/438/2023-AGRICECON
Advancing agricultural carbon emission efficiency and farmers’ income simultaneously is crucial for the sustainable progress of agriculture. Our study centered on 31 provinces and cities in China and investigated regional variances and the dynamic evolution aspects of coordinated development in farmers’ income and agricultural carbon emission efficiency, utilising panel data from 2005 to 2021. The analysis revealed the following trends: Firstly, China’s overall agricultural carbon emission efficiency was steadily increasing, mainly because of technological advancements. Secondly, the correlation between farmers’ income and agricultural...
Analysing the consequences of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership on the agricultural economies of China, Australia and New Zealand
Shilong Yang, Xiao Liang, Zhichao Lou, Yanwen Tan, Abdelrahman Ali
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(7):362-381 | DOI: 10.17221/327/2023-AGRICECON
The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement is an important free trade agreement in the Asia Pacific region. The implementation of RCEP is greatly significant for ensuring the effective supply of agricultural products to member states. On the basis of the analysis of the agricultural product trade structure among China, Australia and New Zealand since 2000, we summarise in this article the potential consequences of tariff reduction for the agricultural products among the three countries under the RCEP framework. The Global Trade Analysis Project model has been used to analyse the effects of RCEP on the macroeconomic indicators,...
How does single- or double-cropped rice policy influence spatially irrigated land value in China?
Yuqun Dong, Yaming Zhuang
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(6):279-290 | DOI: 10.17221/49/2024-AGRICECON
Rice cropped policy has been constantly changing, affecting the value of irrigated land. This study aims to examine distribution patterns of irrigated land value from a new perspective of uncertainties in single- and double-cropped rice policies in China. The real options approach was employed to calculate irrigated land value under policy uncertainty, and Moran’s index was applied to identify the spatial distribution characteristics of irrigated land value at the provincial level. The empirical results were as follows: significantly positive spatial correlations existed between the land value under two cropped rice policies. The northeast...
Comparative analysis of European Union countries based on selected aspects of food security
Eva Matejková, Mária Májek, Artan Qineti, Zlata Sojková
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(6):265-278 | DOI: 10.17221/16/2024-AGRICECON
This study assesses 24 European Union countries in terms of food security in 2021. In this paper, we develop a composite food security index considering various weights of indicators. The data were obtained from the FAOSTAT and Eurostat databases. The weights of 10 input indicators were estimated using a principal component analysis-based factor analysis model. The results showed that the harmonised index of consumer prices – food had the greatest impact on the food security index, while the impact of median equivalised net income and moderate or severe food insecurity had the lowest impact. Ireland achieved the highest ranking according...
Innovation for development of sustainable integrated plantation polyculture on dry land: Using Structural Equation Modelling
Rina Nuryati, Lies Sulistyowati, Trisna Insan Noor, Iwan Setiawan
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(6):291-308 | DOI: 10.17221/287/2023-AGRICECON
The land in the South Tasikmalaya Regency is dominated by dry land with a steep and hilly land contour. In addition, the area has a shallow soil solum, so it has a high potential for erosion and landslides. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate an integrated cultivation system that is economically feasible, but still maintains environmental sustainability. In this research, the aim is to formulate a model for the development of integrated plantation polyculture farming (IPPF) for the welfare of farmers. The method in this study uses a mixed method design. The location of the research carried out is in the Tasikmalaya Regency. The data used are the...
Unlocking sustainable competitive performance in agro-based small and medium enterprises in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation countries
Shamim Akhtar, Yi Cui, Stephanie Efua Frimpong, Nosheen Rafi
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(6):309-319 | DOI: 10.17221/264/2023-AGRICECON
Agro-based small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are currently receiving top priority among policymakers of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) nations due to their great contribution to employment and GDP growth. This study examines the impact of financial literacy on the sustainable competitive performance of agro-based SMEs, with a focus on the mediating role of access to digital finance and the moderating role of business experience. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), we analysed data from 345 SME owner-managers. The results indicate that financial literacy positively affects sustainable...
Target price policy and rural household income: Evidence from China
Genjin Sun, Yanxiu Liu, Yurong Zhu
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(5):226-243
Agricultural subsidy policy can improve the planting enthusiasm of rural households by increasing their income. It is of great significance to assess and summarise the effect of the soybean and cotton target price subsidy policy and to determine future policy direction. Using the national rural fixed-observation point socioeconomic survey data from 2009 to 2017, the study employed the difference-in-differences (DID) method to evaluate the impact of the target price policy (TPP) on rural household income in China. TPP had no significant impact on the total income of rural households. Specifically, TPP increased the farm income of rural households but...
Digital economy and rural household resilience: Evidence from China
Jianghong Xu, Chenguang Wang, Xukang Yin, Weixin Wang
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(5):244-263
Enhancing the resilience of rural households against the impacts of risks and moulding their enduring strength despite modest scale holds paramount contemporary significance for a multitude of developing nations, including China. This study uses the microdata of the China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey (CLDS), systematically measures the rural household resilience index for the first time, analyses the impact of the digital economy on the resilience of rural households, and dissects the group differences and mechanism of action. We found that from 2012 to 2018, the Chinese rural household resilience index had significant differences in time and...
Subsidy policies for the grain supply chain considering postharvest loss of grain and agricultural pollutant emission in China
Pan Liu, Bin Zhao, Haodong Tang, Jiamin Zhu
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(5):207-225
To reduce agricultural pollutant emission (APE) and postharvest loss of grain (PHLG), the Chinese government enacted a series of subsidy policies; however, the profit-oriented supply chain members are seriously lacking or reducing APE and PHLG efforts. To address this issue, we considered as the research objective a grain supply chain consisting of a producer, a retailer and the government. We proposed the concept and functional expressions of supply chain members’ reduction efforts for APE and PHLG. We then proposed two main variables: the environmental innovation subsidy coefficient and the quantity attenuation factor of grain. According...
The European Union’s circular bioeconomy: What do the indicators tell us?
Maximilian Kardung, Du¹an Drabik
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(5):199-206
Prior studies have noted the importance of measurement tools that track the contributions of the circular bioeconomy and other developments towards sustainable development. In this study, we examined the EU-27 as a whole and found that its circular bioeconomy, measured by the 41 indicators we used, generally progressed over the period 2004–2021. Research and development personnel and Persons employed in circular economy sectors were ranked as the most progressing indicators over the studied period, together with Patent applications to the European Patent Office, which supports the idea that the circular bioeconomy uses novel technologies...
Will the financialisation of agricultural products exacerbate food security risks? Empirical analysis from major grain-producing countries worldwide
Yujie Chen, Jiangwei Tang
Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2024, 70(4):178-186 | DOI: 10.17221/432/2023-AGRICECON
Based on data from 10 countries from the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CBOT) wheat futures market for the period from 2000 to 2021, this study examines the impact of the financialisation of agricultural products on food security and its mechanism of action. We found that the higher the degree of financialisation of agricultural products, the stronger the negative effect on food security, which is more prominent after the financial crisis in 2008, and the effect on developing countries is more obvious than that on developed countries. The test results of the mediation effect model showed that the financialisation of agricultural products affects food...