Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2021, 67(3):90-100 | DOI: 10.17221/415/2020-AGRICECON

Determinants of farm profitability in the EU regions. Does farm size matter?Original Paper

Łukasz Kryszak ORCID..., Marta Guth ORCID..., Bazyli Czyżewski ORCID...^*

Department of Macroeconomics and Agricultural Economics, Institute of Economics, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poznań, Poland

Farms in the European Union come in a wide variety of sizes and the effect of farm size on profitability (return on assets - ROA) has not been sufficiently investigated. The principal goal of this paper, therefore, is to study the determinants of farm profitability using the panels of the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) on farms of different economic size between 2007 and 2018. We use a profitability function based on ratios that show the production and financial management strategies used by the farms. We also analyse the impact of subsidies under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). To deal with endogeneity, we run dynamic panel models using the system generalised method of moments (sys-GMM) estimators. We highlight the important role of the high level of equity turnover. An increase in production relative to the farm's equity plays a crucial role in the growth of profitability for all groups of farms, but it is especially important for smaller entities. In addition, farm managers should control the level of debt since the debt-to-asset ratio is a highly significant negative determinant of farm profitability in most of the groups. The increase in subsidy rate generally translates into higher ROA, but this variable has a negative impact across the largest holdings.

Keywords: dynamic panel models; Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN); farm finance; large farms; return on assets (ROA); small farms

Published: March 19, 2021  Show citation