Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2017, 63(6):283-297 | DOI: 10.17221/333/2015-AGRICECON
Impact of food availability on child mortality: a cross country comparative analysisOriginal Paper
- Finance and Banking Department, College of BusinessDar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
The study examined the impact of food security on child mortality (infant mortality and under-five mortality), using a dynamic panel data analysis for 114 countries for the period 1995-2009 by considering a wide range of controlled variables such as income, social indicators and policy variables. The result suggests that food security has a negative impact on child mortality for all countries and even more impact on child mortality within the food insecure African countries. Therefore, based on the findings of the study; it is recommended that an increase in food security is indeed a positive policy option, particularly within the food insecure African countries, since it ensures a decrease in child mortality within these countries.
Keywords: Africa, African dummy, economic growth, food crisis, food availability
Published: June 30, 2017 Show citation
References
- Akoto E., Tambashe B. (2002): Socioeconomic inequalities in infant and child mortality among urban and rural areas in sub-Saharan Africa. In: Seminar of the IUSSP Committee on Emerging Health Threats, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock.
- Arellano M., Bover O. (1995): Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error component models. Journal of Econometrics, 68: 29-51.
Go to original source...
- Bhalla S., Gill I.S. (1991): Social Expenditure Policies and Welfare Achievement in developing Countries. Background for World Development Report 1991, World bank, Washington DC.
- Bicego G.T. (1990): Trends, age patterns and determinants of childhood mortality in Haiti. [PhD dissertation.] The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.
- Bicego G.T., Boerma J.T. (1990): Maternal education, use of health services and child survival: an analysis of data from the Bolivia DHS survey. DHS Working Paper No. 1, Institute of Resource Development/Macro Systems Inc., Colombia, Maryland.
- Blundell R., Bond S. (1998): Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87: 115-143.
Go to original source...
- Bond S., Hoeffler A., Temple J. (2001): GMM estimation of empirical growth models. CEPR Working Paper No. 3048, Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), London.
- Campbell A.A., de Pee S., Sun K., Kraemer K., ThorneLyman A., Moench-Pfanner R., Sari M., Akhter N., Bloem M.W., Semba R.D. (2009): Relationship of household food insecurity to neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality among families in rural Indonesia. Food Nutrition Bulletin, 30: 112-120
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Charmarbagwala R., Ranger N., Waddington H., White H. (2004): The determinants of Child Health and Nutrition: A Meta-analysis. Department of Economics, University of Maryland and Operations Evaluation Department, World Bank, Washington, DC.
- Cleland J.G., Van Ginneken J.K. (1988): Maternal education and child survival in developing countries: The search for pathways of influence. Social Science and Medicine, 27: 1357-1368.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Defo B.K. (1994): Determinants of infant and early childhood mortality in Cameroon: the role of socioeconomic factors, housing characteristics, and immunization. status. Biodemography and Social Biology, 41: 181-211
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Favara G. (2003): An empirical reassessment of the relationship between finance and growth. IMF Working Paper No. WP/03/123, IMF, Washington.
Go to original source...
- Ghosh R., Bharati P. (2010): Determinants of infant and child mortality in periurban areas of Kolkata city, India. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 22: 63-75.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Glewwe P., Maiga E., Zheng H. (2007): The Contribution of Education to Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A review of the Evidence. Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota.
- Glewwe P., Koch S., Nguyen B.L. (2002): Child Nutrition, Economic Growth and the Provision of Health Care Services in Vietnam in the 1990s. The World Bank, Washington.
Go to original source...
- Guillot M., Gerland P., Pelletier F., Saabneh A. (2012): Child mortality estimation: a global overview of infant and child mortality age patterns in light new empirical data. PLoS Medivine, 9: e1001299.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Hobcraft J.N., McDonald J.W., Rutstein S.O. (1985): Demographic determinants of infant and early child mortality: a comparative analysis. Population Studies: A Journal of Demography, 39: 363-385.
Go to original source...
- Hobcraft J.N., McDonald J.W., Rutstein S.O. (1984): Socioeconomic factors in infant and child mortality: A cross national comparison. Population Studies: A Journal of Demography, 38: 193-223.
Go to original source...
- Jacoby H., Wang L. (2003): Environmental Determinants of Child Mortality in Rural China: A Competing Risks Approach. World Bank, Washington.
Go to original source...
- Kaldewei C., Pitterle I. (2011): Behavioral factor as emerging main determinants of child mortality in the middlelow income countries: a case study of Jordan. DESA Working Paper No. 103.
- Kazembe L., Clarke A., Kandala N-B. (2012): Childhood mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: cross-sectional insight into small-scale geographical inequalities from census data. BMJ open, 2: e001421.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Kembo J., Van Ginneken J.K. (2009): Determinants of infant and child mortality in Zimbabwe: Results of multivariate hazard analysis. Demographic Research, 21: 367-384.
Go to original source...
- King E., Rosenzweig M. (1991): Do Public Expenditures Explain Improvements in Human Development? Results from Fixed Effects Analysis of Country Level Data. Background for World Development Report 1991. Mimeo.
- Manda S.O.M. (1999): Birth intervals, breastfeeding and determinants of childhood mortality in Malawi. Social Science and Medicine, 48: 301-312.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Meseret Z., Yegnanew A.S., Tesfaye A. (2012): Determinant of Infant and Child Mortality in Ethiopia. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2188355 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2188355
Go to original source...
- Mutunga J.C. (2007): Environmental Determinants of Child Mortality in Kenya. Development Economics Research Paper No. 2007/83, United Nations University-World Institute.
- Omonona B.T., Agoi G.A. (2007): An analysis of food security situation among Nigerian urban households: evidence from Lagos State, Nigeria. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 8: 397-406.
- Pritchett L., Summers L.H. (1994): Wealthier is healthier. The Journal of Human Resources, 31: 841-868.
Go to original source...
- Rodgers G.B. (1979): Income and inequality as a determinants of mortality: an international cross-sectional analysis. Population Studies, 33: 343-351.
Go to original source...
- Roodman D. (2009): How to do xtabond2: an introduction to difference and system GMM in Stata. The Stata Journal, 9: 86-136.
Go to original source...
- Streatfield K., Singarimbun M., Diamond I. (1990): Maternal education and child immunization. Demography, 27: 447-455.
Go to original source...
- Timaeus I.M., Lush L. (1995): Intra-urban differentials in child health. Health Transition Review, 5: 163-190.
- Tongur U., Elveren A.Y. (2012): Military Expenditures, Inequality, and Welfare and Political Regimes: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis. ERC Working Papers in Economics 12/10 2012.
- Van der Klaauw B., Wang L. (2004): Child Mortality in Rural India. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 3281.
- Wagstaff A., Doorslaer E.V., Watanaben N. (2003): On decomposing the causes of health sector inequalities with application to malnutrition inequalities in Vietnam. Journal of Econometrics, 112: 207-223.
Go to original source...
- Wang L. (2003): Determinants of child mortality in LDCs empirical findings from demographic and health surveys. Health Policy, 65: 277-299.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- World Bank (1980): Poverty and Basic Needs. Development Policy Staff Paper, Washington D.C.
- World Health Organization (2012): Child Health. WHO regional office for Africa. Available at http://www.afro.who.int/en/clusters-a-programmes/frh/child-and-adolescent-health/programme-components/child-health.html (accessed Nov 27, 2013).
- World Health Organization media center (2013): UN: Global child deaths down by almost half since 1990. WHO, UNICEF, World Bank Group, UN-DESA Population Division joint news release. Available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2013/child_mortality_causes_20130913/en/ (accessed Nov 27, 2013).
- World Health Organization (2014): Global health Observatory (GHO) infant mortality. Available at www.who.int/ gho/urban_health/outcomes/infant_mortality_text/en/ (accessed Jan 2, 2014).
- World Health Organization (2012): Child Health in Somalia: Situation Analysis. Available at http://applications.emro.who.int/dsaf/EMROPUB_2012_EN_734.pdf (accessed Jan 3, 2014).
- Zerai A. (1996): Preventive health strategies and infant survival in Zimbabwe. African Population Studies, 11: 29-62.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.