Agric. Econ. - Czech, 2011, 57(7):311-321 | DOI: 10.17221/84/2010-AGRICECON
Transfer pricing in agricultural enterprises
- Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
International tax issues already have not been problems of multinational enterprises. The effect of globalization and international business development causes that many small and medium size firms including agricultural entities are now engaged in the cross-border transactions and have to face the international tax issues. One of the important areas of international taxes is transfer pricing. The transactions between these persons should be assessed at their arm's length price according to the arm's length principle (internationally accepted standard) as the price which would have been agreed between the unrelated parties in free market conditions. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the impact of the selection of the form of the subsidiary on the total tax liability of the agricultural entity, including the determination of the transfer price, the application of the arm's length principle and decisions about the most suitable legal form of the subsidiary.
Keywords: transfer prices, arm's length principle, tax liability
Published: July 31, 2011 Show citation
References
- Amadeus Database. Bureau van Dijk Electronic Publishing (BvDEP). Available at http://www.bvdep.com/benl/AMADEUS.html
- Arnold B.J., McIntyre M.J. (2002): International Tax Primer 2 nd ed. Kluwer Law International, London; ISBN 90411-8898-3.
- Comparability: Public invitation to comment on series of draft issues notes (2006). OECD, Paris. Available at www. transferpricing.com/pdf/OECD%20Comparability.pdf
- David P., Nerudová D. (2008): Selected problems of value added tax application in the agricultural sector of the European Union internal market. Agricultural Economics - Czech, 54: 1-11.
Go to original source...
- Discussion Draft on the Transfer Pricing Aspects of Business Restructurings 19 September 2008-19 February 2009 (2009). OECD, Paris. Available at www.oecd.org/ document/7/0,3343,en_2649_37989760_41328775_1_ 1_1_1,00.html
- Jelínek M. (2009): Determination of profitability dependent agent in accordance with the principle of arm's length (in Czech). In: Teoretické a praktické aspekty veřejných financí. Oeconomica, Praha; ISBN 978-80245-1513-7.
- Kratzer C. (2008): Transfer pricing methods. In: Green G.: Transfer Pricing Manual. BNA International Inc., London; ISBN 978-906524-14-5.
- Mehta N. (2006): An integrated approach to formulating a transfer pricing strategy concerning marketing and distribution affiliates. IBFD, International Transfer Pricing Journal, 13: 124-143.
- Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital (2008). Paris, OECD; ISBN978-92-64-04818-8.
- Nerudová D., David P. (2008): VAT in the frame of providing management services to the subsidiary in the selected EU member states. Agricultural Economics - Czech, 54: 333-342.
Go to original source...
- Oosterhoff D. (2010): Proposed revision of OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines: The importance of facts and circumstances. International Transfer Pricing Journal, 17: 3-11.
Go to original source...
- Proposed revision of chapter I-III of the Transfer Pricing Guidelines (2009). OECD, Paris. Available at www.oecd. org/dataoecd/1/57/43655703.pdf
- Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations (1995). OECD, Paris; ISBN 978-9264075276.
- Transfer Pricing Aspects of business restructurings (2008). OECD, Paris. Available at www.oecd.org/document/ 7/0,3343,en_2649_37989760_41328775_1_1_1_1,00. html
- Wittendorff J. (2009): The transactional ghost of article 9(1) of the OECD Model. IBFD, Bulletin for International Taxation, 63: 107-130.
Go to original source...
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.